Abstract

This study investigated the effect of employee diversity and inclusion on organisational productivity, using SPG Nigeria Limited Group as a case study. With a total workforce population of approximately 500, a sample of 100 employees was selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including regression analysis. The findings reveal that employee inclusion has a significant and positive impact on organisational productivity while employee diversity, though positively related, does not have a statistically significant effect. These results suggest that inclusive workplace practices are more critical than diversity alone in driving productivity outcomes. Based on these findings, the study recommends that organisations institutionalise inclusive policies and provide regular training to promote equitable participation and reduce workplace bias. The study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on diversity management by emphasising the need to move beyond demographic representation towards fostering inclusive organisational cultures that enhance performance.